Transumanar

My talk at the Conference: The Future of Religions - Religions of the Future

This is the full text of my talk at the Conference: The Future of Religions - Religions of the Future - June 4, 5, 2008. The Future of Religions/Religions of the Future has been a two-day conference examining how two of the 21st Century’s driving forces, religion and technology, will continue to re-shape each other and, in the process, re-cast our understanding of “humanity” in the Third Millennium. Centered on, but not limited to, virtual worlds and social networking technologies, speakers and panelists also examined changes precipitated by the biotechnology revolution, cognitive science, information technologies and robotics. Speakers included William Sims Bainbridge, James Hughes, Giulio Prisco, Lincoln Cannon and Robert Geraci.

Abstract of my talk: Transhumanist Religions
Description and analysis of new spiritual and “religious” (brackets required) movements that can be broadly described as outlines of “transhumanist religions” compatible with, and based on, the scientific worldview. Key issues: May sentient life evolve toward Godhead? May future technologies resurrect the dead? May we someday create VR universes that contain sentient life? May we _be_ sentient life in such a VR universe? Can complements or alternatives to traditional religions be based on these wild scientific speculations? What can be the impact of “transhumanist religions” on traditional religions, culture, society and politics? And the most important question: Why should this matter to you?

First, I wish to thank the “Extropia” and “Al-Andalus Caliphate Project” communities for the masterful organization of this great event dedicated to very important issues. Today I have this strange feeling that we are watching history in the making, and I don’t mean only history of VR worlds.

A personal note. I am Giulio Prisco, also known as Giulio Perhaps in Second Life. I do not keep my RL and SL identities separate, and I am more of an “augmentationist” than an “immersionist”. SL is still a very primitive VR world compared to future VR worlds, and I cannot take seriously this PC screen with toons as an alternate reality. Yet.

But I see that different identities and personas can inhabit the same skull and should be given more elbow room and more freedom from each other. I think transhumanism is about offering more options to choose from, and have decided to take advantage of the option of having multiple avatars in SL and separate my mainstream business identity from my creative and “exotic” identity. This avatar will get all the fun. I wish to ask all those who have my other avatar in their friends list to add also this one.

This is the first public appearance of Eschatoon Magic, and I could not have chosen a better audience. My other avatar looks more or less like Giulio Prisco: old, fat and plain. But _I_ look like Giulio would like to look. Future technologies may give us options to choose our physical bodies, or migrate to VR and live in virtual bodies as conscious software. Future generations may roam the universe as immortal uploads, or “souls”, and perhaps _create and become_ “gods”. This brings me to…

Transhumanist Religions

Science and religion are occasionally seen as enemies of each other, but I think this is mainly due to communication problems between the two communities. I don’t think science and religion are born enemies. On the contrary I believe _good_ religion without bigotry and dogmatic irrational fundamentalism, and _good_ science without bigotry and dogmatic ultra-rationalist fundamentalism, can not only coexist peacefully but also mutually reinforce.

Lincoln Cannon of the Mormon Transhumanist Association said at last year’s Seminar on H+ and Religion in SL: “We believe that scientific knowledge and technological power are among the means ordained of God to enable such exaltation, including realization of diverse prophetic visions of transfiguration, immortality, resurrection, renewal of this world, and the discovery and creation of worlds without end”.

This is, I believe, a perfect explanation of why, despite what fundamentalists may say, transhumanism is not at all incompatible with religion but, on the contrary, each of the two sets of sensibilities can boost the other in a positive feedback loop.

I have started using the label “Cosmic Transhumanism” to indicate a broad strand of transhumanism inspired by (among others) Ray Kurzweil‘s radically optimist “the fate of the Universe is a decision yet to be made, one which we will intelligently consider when the time is right”, the cosmic visions of Frank Tipler and James Gardner, Sir Arthur C. Clarke‘s “any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic” and, of course, Shakespeare’s “there are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, than are dreamt of in your philosophy”.

I am persuaded that Cosmic Transhumanism, the idea that consciousness and intelligent life may become key factors in the future evolution of the physical universe (transcending biology, filling the universe, steering spacetime topology, spawning baby universes, “becoming gods” etc.), once developed and communicated as a strong memetic package, can provide an alternative to religion suitable for the forthcoming phase of our evolution as a species.

Good religion provides beautiful visions of the universe and our place in it, a sense of meaning, purpose and connectedness, the feeling of being part of a community with a cosmic destiny, and happiness. Good science can provide the same benefits and _may_ also provide _some degree of_ hope, grounded in the scientific method, in some of the promises of traditional religions. Including, perhaps, the possibility that some future civilization may resurrect the dead by “copying them to the future”. But without the irrational faith, rigid dogmatism and intolerance that have plagued traditional religions.

Of course I am perfectly aware that mixing science and religion may sound like a dangerous heresy to many believers in both conventional religion and the new religion of atheism and scientific ultra-rationalism. It may also disturb some politically correct intellectuals of the new left, who condemn imaginative thinking as a distraction from serious social work.

They condemn transhumanism because to them it sounds like a religion. But if religion is defined as “seeking to find transcendence and truth, meaning and purpose”, then I am ready and willing to accept the label “religious”. And I want to find what I seek through scientific means, or at least through means compatible with the scientific method and worldview. If I don’t _find_ them, I want to _build_ them by following the best methods developed by our civilization. Science and engineering have taken us from caves to where we are now, and there is no reason to think that this process should stop here.

While religion has led to sad extremes, it has also fueled many worth initiatives and provided peace of mind and sense of wonder to countless believers. The key question if how to keep the good things of religion (sense of community, happiness, and a hopeful vision of our place and purpose in the universe) without the bad things (bigotry, fundamentalism, intolerance, holy wars, burning heretics and infidels).

Here I think transhumanism, and especially its “cosmic” face aimed at achieving superhumanity and spreading to the stars and beyond, may provide a modern, energizing but tolerant alternative to religion rooted in the scientific worldview.

It is through science and practical engineering, by rolling up our sleeves and tightening one screw at a time in the fabric of reality, that our descendants will achieve superhumanity and godhead. Religions could only address our aspiration to transcendence by resorting to a mystical worldview based on supernatural concepts. But the scientific and engineering approach, based on a materialist worldview with no place for supernatural entities, will ultimately turn many promises of religion into reality. Science and engineering are not the enemies of transcendence, but the very tools that will permit achieving it.

I am assuming that everything under and beyond the stars is a physical object that must obey the laws of physics, however weird they may prove to be, and can in principle be reverse-engineered and improved upon once we have mastered the engineering applications of these laws.

In the next few decades or couple of centuries, we will apply this principle to the human body and the human mind: we will reverse-engineer them, and build better ones. As Sir Arthur C. Clarke would say, “as soon as our machines will better than our bodies, it will be time to move. First our brains, and then our thoughts alone, we will transfer into shining new homes of metal and of plastic”.

Sir Arthur wrote similar words (referred to the ETs who built the monolith on the Moon) in 2001: A Space Odyssey. Today, using the terminology of modern science fiction, we would probably say something like “computronium” instead of “metal and plastic”, but the concept is the same. We would also be kinder to poor HAL: in the same timeframe (a few decades to a couple of centuries) we will build artificial intelligences that will first equal, then outperform, and then partly merge with our human intelligences. As uploaded minds with indefinite lifespans, humans will spread to the stars.

Note: I am using “will” to indicate a possibility and an intention, not a certainty of a future that might also not happen (it certainly will not happen, for example, if the human species destroys itself before - not a big deal from a cosmic point of view as the same dreams will be also pursued by other intelligences in the universe, but a very big deal from our point of view). I am using “will” to say that I hope this future will happen, that I think it will happen, that it should happen, that I intend to contribute to make it happen, and that you should also contribute to make it happen.

We are attending this conference in the virtual reality world of Second Life, which must be seen as a first baby step in VR and is _very_ primitive compared to the VR worlds that we will see in only a few years. Video-realism, accurate simulated physics and high bandwidth neural interfacing technology will permit fully immersive VR worlds, with total sensorial stimulation indistinguishable from physical reality, in a few decades.

Mind uploading technology may at some point permit us migrating to our VR worlds and living there as software beings. These synthetic will also contain very advanced, sentient artificial intelligences. The ability to create synthetic worlds populated by sentient beings will mark a very important milestone in our evolution as cosmic makers. Could we _be_ conscious beings in a synthetic world simulated in and by a higher order reality? This possibility has been proposed and discussed by Nick Bostrom and others. There is no way to even estimate its plausibility at the moment. The scientific method says: have an open mind, and let future theories and experiments decide.

The Society for Universal Immortalism is a progressive religion that holds rationality, reason, and the scientific method as central tenets of its faith. I am a member if the Society, and wish to thank the other members for many stimulating ideas and discussions. In particular, I am indebted to R. Michael Perry for the beautiful declaration in his book ”Forever for All”: “To that end, we dedicate ourselves to finding a way one day to bring back all persons who have ever lived, so they can join in our eternal adventure”.

This is a very strong idea, which may permit a full reconciliation between the scientific and religious worldviews. Universal immortalists do not propose any specific engineering approach to resurrection, but consider it as an objective that future technology may be able to achieve, someday, based on future scientific advances.

I see Universal Immortalism as Transhumanism “plus something”. This “something” is the resurrection idea: finding a way one day to bring back all persons who have ever lived. Even if Universal Immortalism is scientific speculation (we hope to resurrect the dead using “future magic” based on science and engineering), the resurrection idea is very hard to swallow even for many transhumanists. But in my view, Universal Immortalism is perfectly compatible with transhumanism, and constitutes its logical endpoint. The engineering challenge will be huge of course, but so it was for the development of agriculture.

Let’s move on to the stars toward our cosmic destiny, and then we will see. President Kennedy said: “We choose to go to the moon. We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win, and the others, too”. A few years later, watching the first men walking on the moon, it was easy to believe in humanity’s destiny in space.

Too bad space “did not happen”. Today’s world is a complex, interconnected and difficult place on its way to becoming even more so. We need grand visions for all humanity, that can energize all persons on our little blue planet and provide the drive to move onward as a whole. Cosmic transhumanist visions will not lead to holy wars against infidels, but rather to a Holy War against the limitations of being humans 1.0: disease, mortality, stupidity, unhappiness, lack of empathy and understanding, and being confined on our little planet.

Then, perhaps as uploaded minds with indefinite lifespans, humans will spread to the stars. What next? Borrowing again from Sir Arthur: “But the age of the Machine-entities will swiftly pass. In our ceaseless experimenting, we will learn to store knowledge in the structure of space itself, and to preserve our thoughts for eternity in frozen lattices of light. We will become creatures of radiation, free at last from the tyranny of matter”.

As William Sims Bainbridge noted in a 1981 article titled ”Religions for a Galactic Civilization”, we need a sense of transcendent purpose at both personal and societal levels to embark in the grand journey to the universe. In Bainbridge’s words: “We need a new spaceflight social movement capable of giving a sense of transcendent purpose to dominant sectors of the society. It also should be capable of holding the society in an expansionist phase for the longest possible time, without permitting divergence from its great plan. In short, we need a galactic religion, a Church of God Galactic…”.

Let me make an announcement now.

DRAMATIC PAUSE…

On behalf of its founding team, a few members of which are virtually attending this conference, I have the honor and the pleasure to announce the foundation of the Order of Cosmic Engineers, humanity’s First “UNreligion of Science”, and warmly invite you to join its cosmic quest.

Adopting an engineering approach and attitude, the Order aims to turn this universe into a “magical” realm in the sense of Clarke’s Third Law: a realm where sufficiently advanced technology turns daily reality into what would be considered by most today as a seemingly supernatural ‘magical’ realm.

We are, at the same time, a transhumanist association, a spiritual movement, a space advocacy group, a literary salon, a technology observatory, an idea factory, a virtual worlds development group, and a global community of persons willing to take an active role in building, in realizing a sunny future.

We will discuss the future of humanity during World of Warcraft quests, plan the future of technology in Second Life, and build futuristic virtual worlds in our labs. But most importantly, we will assist you -yes, we do mean you- in finding meaning and hope in your existence in this, your reality, your universe.

Whatever our formal training and professional affiliations, in a very profound sense we are all scientists and engineers. We develop technical skills and design principles that will enable us to create and explore new realities. Therefore, the Order will undertake various projects, selected because they are both revolutionary and feasible at the current cutting edge of science and technology.

The Order’s website can be found at http://cosmeng.org/. Its first event will be hosted by the Science Guild in World of Warcraft on June 14 at noon EST.

Read more for the full SL chatlog (Thanks Bill!)

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Posted by G.P. on 06/05 at 07:10 AM
English • Views • hplus • VR • (2) Comments • Permalink • Print